‘Aatma’ refers to the soul. In this philosophical interpretation, it represents a singular, universal truth. Like there cannot be many suns to the earth, there aren’t many Aatmas. According to the अष्टावक्रः गीता—Aṣṭāvakra Gītā, one Aatma exists in all beings. However, their physical bodies differ. The Aatma Neither Leaves the Body nor Remains in the Body.
We are all the part of nature, beyond which there is more nature … Vast space forms part of the expanding universe. Nature continues through an ongoing process, symbolising the continuity of life.
Understanding Aatma in Vedic and Upanishadic Philosophy
Popular folklore and religious interpretations have influenced the understanding of Aatma. However, some interpretations differ from Vedic and Upanishadic teachings.
Certain popular beliefs suggest that the soul enters the body at birth and departs at death. However, biological processes explain bodily development and functioning. Like other living beings, humans develop through biological processes shaped by evolution. Their complex organ systems function through cellular interactions, hormones, and neurotransmitters. The Aatma Neither Leaves the Body nor Remains in the Body.
Human consciousness raises questions about existence and identity. Such questions have contributed to philosophical ideas about Param Aatma, individual Aatmas, and the sense of ‘I’.
People believe that a person’s emotions, such as happiness, sadness, anger, confusion, or love, stem from the soul. However, science offers a more logical explanation: these emotions are the result of hormonal fluctuations. Controlling these surges or dips subdues or makes emotions more tolerable. Failure to do so would invalidate the entire system of modern and ancient medicine.
A human body is just another piece of working machinery made by nature, nothing more than that.
Rishis and Sadhaks studied Vedic and Upanishadic teachings extensively. However, later interpretations based on Smritis sometimes differed from those earlier philosophical ideas. These mistakes were never cross-checked or scrutinised against Vedanta concepts. Some interpretations portray Aatma as the body’s source of power. According to this belief, bodily functions stop when that energy disappears.
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